362 BC Battle of Mantinea: Epaminondas of Thebes defeats the Spartans

1187 Battle of Hattin: Saladin defeats the Crusaders under King Guy of Jerusalem

1190 King Philip II's French & Richard I's English armies unite at Vezelay, to begin the 3rd Crusade

1299 Battle of Cape Orlando: Roger de Lauria's Catalan fleet defeats the Angevin Sicilian fleet

1301 Battle of Breukelen: Holland defeats Lichtenberg.

1547 Battle of Oglio: the French defeat the Spanish

1642 Castro War: Battle of Codigoro - Papal Army defeats the Venetians

1657 Battle of the Dardanelles, Day 2: Venetian fleet defeats the Turks

1708 Battle of Holowczin: The Swedes defeat the Russians

1763 Ojibwa and Sauk Indians capture Ft. Michilimackinac from the British

1776 Independence Day: Two days after voting for independence, the Continental Congress adopts a formal "Declaration of Independence"

1777 John Paul Jones hoists the Stars and Stripes on the USS 'Ranger', Portsmouth, NH.

1790 Battle of Viborg Bay, Day 2: The Russian fleet inflicts heavy losses on the Swedish fleet

1794 The Veteran Corps of Artillery of the State of New York initiates the custom of firing an Independence Day salute at The Battery

1801 1st Presidential Review of the Marine Band and Marines, at the White House.

1802 US Military Academy opens at West Point

1806 Battle of Maida: upset British victory over the French in Calabria

1818 Congress rules that the flag shall have 13 stripes, and one star for each state

1832 Samuel Francis Smith's "America" is sung in public for the first time

1842 Old USN gunboat 'Boxer' is sunk in trials of an electrical underwater "torpedo"

1848 "The Communist Manifesto" is published, inspiring immense slaughter

1857 Battle of the Bowery: the Dead Rabbits and the Bowery B'hoys have it out until the militia arrives

1861 Skirmish at Harper's Ferry, WV

1862 John Hunt Morgan begins a raid in Kentucky, from Tompkinsville to reach Somerset by the 28th

1863 Battle of Gettysburg, Day 4: The armies hold their ground, as Lee hopes Meade will do a "Pickett", while Meade sees no point in reprising a disaster

1863 Battle of Helena, Ark: Union Victory

1863 Skirmish at Smithburg, TN

1863 Vicksburg surrenders to U.S. Grant

1865 The 69th New York marches up Broadway to mark its return from the Civil War

1866 Battle of Monte Sullo: The Austrians defeat the Garibaldi

1866 Battle of Vezza d'Oglio: The Garibaldini defeat the Austrians

1875 White rioters kill blacks in Vicksburg

1876 The "Centennial Legion of Historic Military Commands" is formed at Philadelphia

1879 Battle of Ulundi: The British crush the Zulu Army

1895 Publication of Katherine Lee Bates' "America the Beautiful"

1917 Colonel Charles E. Stanton has occasion to say "LaFayette, we are here!"

1918 Great Army-Navy Baseball Game in London, before King George V & thousands of Britons and Americans; Navy 2, Army 1

1918 U.S. yards launch c. 500,000 tons of shipping, from sub chasers and destroyers to freighters, tankers, and troopers

1923 Dedication of a statue of Alan Seegar and the "Monument to American Volunteers for France" at the Place des Etas Unis in Paris

1936 League of Nations applies sanctions on Italy for the invasion of Ethiopia.

1942 Aussie coastwatchers report Japanese airfield building on Guadalcanal.

1942 First American bombing mission over Nazi-occupied Europe

1942 USS 'Triton'(SS-201) sinks the Japanese DD 'Nehoni' in the Aleutians

1942 The American Volunteer Group ("Flying Tigers") becomes the Fourteenth Air Force

1943 Elms 37th Infantry Div land at Bairoko, on Kula Gulf

1943 Japanese DDs with reinforcements for Vila, Kula Gulf, sink a U.S. DD

1944 Elms 503rd Parachute Inf drop on Noemfoor, New Guinea, to reinforce troops there

1946 Anti-Jewish riots in Kielce, Poland, 39 die

1946 Philippines gain independence from the US, on schedule despite World War II

1950 Carriers USS 'Valley Forge' (CV-45) & HMS 'Triumph' make the first UN airstrikes of the Korean War

1976 Israeli commando raid liberates a hijacked airliner at Entebbe, Uganda

1987 Nazi Klaus Barbie, "Butcher of Lyon" convicted by a French court