1460 Battle of Northampton: Lord Grey defeats King Henry VI

1609 German Catholic League established under Maximillian of Bavaria

1690 Battle of Beachy Head: French fleet defeats Anglo-Dutch fleet

1721 Peace of Nystad: Ends the Great Northern War (1700-1721)

1775 Horatio Gates orders blacks excluded from the Continental Army

1790 2d Battle of Ruotsinaslami/Svenksund: Swedish fleet beats Russians (from 9th)

1821 U.S. takes possession of Florida from Spain

1861 Combat at Monroe Sta., Va.

1863 Siege of Morris Island, SC, begins (ends Sept 6)

1898 A French column under Maj. Jean-Baptiste Marchand occupies Fashoda, on the Nile in Sudan, setting up a six-month confrontation with Kitchener's Anglo-Egyptian forces, which leads to the Entente Cordial

1898 Skirmish at Santiago de Cuba

1913 Second Balkan War: Romania declares war on Bulgaria

1917 Emma Goldman imprisoned for obstructing the draft

1923 All non-fascist parties in Italy are dissolved

1926 Explosion at the Picatinny Arsenal, Lake Denmark, NJ: 21 die, scores injured

1938 Howard Hughes completes 91-hour 'round-the-world flight, NY-NY

1941 Polish residents of Jedwabne massacre 1,600 Jews, and blame the Nazis

1942 Himmler orders sterilization of all Jewish woman in Ravensbruck Camp

1942 USAAF agrees to increase a/c strength in the Pacific, slowing buildup in Britain

1943 First B-25 raid on Paramushiro (Kuriles) from Attu

1943 Operation Husky: US & Commonwealth forces invade Sicily

1944 Burma: Chinese engage in heavy fighting on the Salween front

1944 Isolated Japanese troops launch a counter-attack at Aitape, New Guinea

1944 Marian Anderson sings "La Marseillaise" for de Gaulle, La Guardia, & NYC

1945 Massive U.S./Br naval air strikes on airfields and industrial sites around Tokyo

1953 American troops abandon Pork Chop Hill, Korea

1960 Belgium sends troops to Congo

2015 The Confederate Battle Flag is removed from the grounds of the South Carolina statehouse