641 Battle of Maserfelth: King Penda of Mercia defeats King Oswald of Northumbria
1757 Battle of Rossbach: Frederick the Great defeats the French
1774 First Continental Congress assembles in Philadelphia
1775 Continental Navy issues uniform regulations for officers
1781 Battle of the Virginia Capes: de Grasse's French fleet defeats the British, trapping Cornwallis at Yorktown
1795 US pays Algiers $1 million to ransom 100 sailors
1806 Fra Diavolo crushes a French column near Itri, Naples
1813 USS 'Enterprise' captures HM brig 'Boxer' off Portland, Me
1836 Sam Houston is elected as the first permanent president of Republic of Texas (1836-1838)
1862 Antietam Campaign: Lee crosses the Potomac into Maryland
1876 Powder River Campaign -- Battle of Slim Buttes: Gen Crook defeats the Cheyenne & Sioux
1905 Teddy Roosevelt engineers the Treaty of Portsmouth, ending the Russo-Japanese War and winning a Nobel Peace Prize
1914 Britain, France, Belgium, and Russia formally ally against Germany
1914 First Battle of the Marne begins, as French taxis rush troops to the front, meters patriotically ticking all the way
1914 'U-21' (Lt. Otto Hersing) torpedoes HMS 'Pathfinder', which blows up & sinks with the loss of 250 men -- the first confirmed submarine torpedo kill in history
1915 Anti-war conference in Zimmerwald, Switzerland
1918 Due to WW I, the World Series begins a month early
1918 USS 'Mount Vernon' (ex-liner 'Kronprinzesin Cecilie'), survives a German torpedo off France
1923 US Asiatic Fleet arrives at Tokyo to assist after the Great Kanto Plain earthquake
1933 Cuban dictator Carlos de Cespedes (Aug 13-Sep 5,1933) ousted by SGT Fulgencio Batista, who installs Ramon Grau (Sep 10, 1933-Jan 15, 1934)
1939 FDR creates Neutrality Patrol, to defend hemispheric waters
1942 British and American aircraft bomb Le Havre and Bremen
1943 US airborne troops land at Nadzab, New Guinea
1944 Chinese establish land link to India at the Kaolingkung Pass in Burma
1961 US resumes nuclear testing after a temporary ban
1968 Hijackers slay 21 on a Pan Am jet in Karachi, Pakistan
1972 Palestinian terrorists murder 11 Israelis at the Munich Olympics
1978 Sadat, Begin, & Carter begin a peace conference at Camp David
2002 Attempt to assassinate Pres. Karzai of Afghanistan, c. 30 die
